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Abstract
Une partie du champ psychanalytique oppose la logique compréhensive à la logique explicative en vue de dépasser les tensions internes à l’épistémologie freudienne et de revendiquer la spécificité épistémique de la psychanalyse. La psychanalyse risque-t-elle de s’exclure du champ psychothérapique en refusant de se soumettre à la logique de la preuve ? Risque-t-elle vraiment de perdre sa spécificité en cédant aux sirènes de l’expérimentation ? Nous exposons ici les raisons pour lesquelles le statut épistémique de l’interprétation doit être vue comme le problème central de la psychanalyse. Nous montrons ensuite comment la psychanalyse expérimentale et l’évaluation différentielle des psychothérapies échouent à tester et à valider la dimension interprétative de la psychanalyse. En nous appuyant sur la théorie de la posture intentionnelle de Daniel Dennett, ainsi que sur certains travaux de psychanalyse expérimentale, nous dégageons enfin les conditions sous lesquelles la logique compréhensive peut être considérée comme une science et appréhendée expérimentalement.
A portion of the psychoanalytical field contrasts the comprehensive and the explanatory logics in order to overcome the tensions inherent to Freudian epistemology and to claim psychoanalysis’ epistemic specificity. Does psychoanalysis run the risk of excluding itself from the psychotherapic field by refusing to comply with the logic of proof? Does it really run the risk of losing its specificity by giving in to the call for experimentation? Here we outline the reasons why the epistemic status of interpretation should be seen as psychoanalysis key issue. We then show how both experimental psychoanalysis and comparative evaluations of psychotherapies fail to test and validate psychoanalysis interpretative dimension. Drawing on Daniel Dennett's intentional stance theory as well as on some works in experimental psychoanalysis, we conclude by outlining the conditions under which comprehensive logic can be considered a science and be experimentally tested.
A portion of the psychoanalytical field contrasts the comprehensive and the explanatory logics in order to overcome the tensions inherent to Freudian epistemology and to claim psychoanalysis’ epistemic specificity. Does psychoanalysis run the risk of excluding itself from the psychotherapic field by refusing to comply with the logic of proof? Does it really run the risk of losing its specificity by giving in to the call for experimentation? Here we outline the reasons why the epistemic status of interpretation should be seen as psychoanalysis key issue. We then show how both experimental psychoanalysis and comparative evaluations of psychotherapies fail to test and validate psychoanalysis interpretative dimension. Drawing on Daniel Dennett's intentional stance theory as well as on some works in experimental psychoanalysis, we conclude by outlining the conditions under which comprehensive logic can be considered a science and be experimentally tested.