Résumé
Problem. In the occupational health and safety field, it is usually
recommended to narrow the intervention field before developing an action plan.
Yet, one of the characteristics of psychosocial risks is presenting a chain of
causality that can be especially complex. For example, a burnout can be caused
by an overload, which is itself caused by a shortage of staff, which is caused by a
lack of succession, which is caused by a lack of means in the HR budgets, etc.
Yet, if numerous scientifically validated questionnaires help to evaluate health,
quality of life and workplace wellness determinants (psychosocial factors), very
often, the causal factors on which the action plan and intervention should be
based, can be hard to identify. This presentation helps to describe a diagnosis
process that fosters the identification of the causal factors on which the intervention
must be based.
Method and Results. The approach proposed, used in numerous occupational
health interventions for more than 15 years, is based on the fault-tree analysis
used in occupational safety. Nevertheless, given the specific characteristics of
psychosocial factors, the approach used builds on the implementation of a circular
causality network. This simple and empirical approach allows for collective
work with the different protagonists of the situation and fosters the
diagnosis and especially the development of a relevant action plan. If the circular
causality network construction can be based on the results of a scientifically
validated questionnaire, the design of the action plan can perfectly
mobilize existing tools such as Hoshin Kanri X Matrix or A3 templates used in
Lean.