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Résumé
This chapter examines how the dynamics of the global wine industry have been shaped by the
interrelations between the different stages of the value chain, the sector’s leading participants, and
technological developments and external factors. This historical account highlights the drivers of the
global transformation of the wine industry during three distinctive historical periods: from the mid-
19th century to the mid-20th century, the second half of the 20th century, and the 21st century. For
each of these periods, the chapter identifies significant innovation processes in areas related to (1)
production, technology, and the legal and institutional framework; (2) industry organization, and the
associated business strategies; (3) development of consumption; and (4) global market organization
and international trade that, in conjunction, contributed to the emergence of a fully integrated global
wine industry by the 21st century.