Résumé

The economic base theory has been systematically mobilised since the 1950s to identify the external—known as basic—incomes of a region stemming from its local production system. This article proposes to integrate the demand (residents, annuitants, tourists) into the analysis. The residential economy represents a lever for additional development through the provision of other basic incomes. A method of calculation enables an estimation of the basic incomes in the Swiss case for two different geographical levels: the municipalities and SM (Spatial Mobility) regions. A spatial typology of basic incomes is then made using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA). The empirical results show the weight of the residential base (commuters, annuitants and tourists) in regional development in Switzerland and the need for the regions to diversify their bases to attract high incomes in the logic of “central places”. Thereby, the most successful regions in terms of basic income are the tourist centres, residential centres and urban centres.

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